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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Академическая наука</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-4042</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-4042</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/3034-4042-2026-3-114-119</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ РАЦИОНАЛЬНОСТЬ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ ГИДРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ECONOMIC RATIONALITY IN THE DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князев</surname><given-names>Александр Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazev</surname><given-names>Alexander Mikhailovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>mail@law-books.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, Institute of Water Transport and Waterways</institution><city xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg</city><country xml:lang="en">Russia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный университет морского и речного флота, имени Адмирала Макарова, Институт водного транспорта и водных путей</institution><city xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербург</city><country xml:lang="ru">Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-08"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-08"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-07-08"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-8ce2edac-c661-4b4e-ad77-c20d9170c33e.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье исследуются экономические аспекты проектирования гидротехнических сооружений как объектов капитального строительства повышенной опасности и высокой обществен нойзначимости. Обосновывается, что экономическая эффективность такого сооружения не может сводиться к минимизации начальной сметной стоимости: надлежащая оценка должна охватывать полныйжизненный цикл, стоимость инженерной безопасности, эксплуатационные расходы, природоох ранные мероприятия, страхование ответственности, резервирование на реконструкцию и возможную ликвидацию. Особое внимание уделено соотношению проектных решений, требований безопасности и публичных издержек аварийного риска. Сделан вывод о необходимости закрепления в проектной практике модели «совокупной стоимости владения» гидротехническим сооружением, при которой техническая надежность рассматривается не как затратное ограничение, а как самостоятельный эконо мический актив.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article examines the economic aspects of designing hydraulic structures ascapital construction facilities characterized by increased risk and high public significance. The paper argues that the economic efficiency of such facilities cannot be reduced to minimising initial construction costs. A proper assessment should cover the entire life cycle, including safety engineering, operation and maintenance, environmental mitigation, liability insurance, reconstruction reserves and decommissioning. The study focuses on the relationship between design decisions, safety requirements and public costs of accident risk. The author concludes that design practice should adopt a total cost of ownership approach to hydraulic structures, where technical reliability is treated not as a cost constraint but as an economic asset.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидротехническое сооружение</kwd><kwd>проектирование</kwd><kwd>жизненный цикл</kwd><kwd>сметная стоимость</kwd><kwd>экономическая эффективность</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>публичные издержки</kwd><kwd>риск</kwd><kwd>водохозяй ственная инфраструктура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydraulic structure</kwd><kwd>design</kwd><kwd>life cycle</kwd><kwd>estimated cost</kwd><kwd>economic efficiency</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>public costs</kwd><kwd>risk</kwd><kwd>water infrastructure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Федеральный закон от 21.07.1997 № 117-ФЗ «О безопасности гидротехнических сооружений» // Собрание законодательства РФ. 1997. № 30. 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